List of Tutorials
Monday 20.06.2022 – Afternoon session
T1 – Introduction to Automotive Radars
Igal Bilik, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Monday 20.06.2022 – Morning session
T2 – Multi-User MIMO Communications: towards Multi-Antenna Spectrum Sharing and Coexistence
Dirk Slock, EURECOM, France
T3 – Inertial and Magnetic-Field Sensor Array Signal Processing
Isaac Skog, Linköping University, Sweden
canceled
Monday 20.06.2022 – Morning session
T4 – Distributed Joint Radar-Communications
Kumar Vijay Mishra, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
M. R. Bhavani Shankar, University of Luxembourg
T5 – Leveraging Smart Wireless Environments for Beyond 5G Localization and Sensing
George C. Alexandropoulos, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Kamran Keykhosravi, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
canceled
Monday 20.06.2022 – Afternoon session
T6 – Beyond Massive MIMO in 6G wireless systems: A signal processing perspective
Stefano Buzzi, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
Carmen D’Andrea, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
Giovanni Interdonato, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
T1 – Introduction to Automotive Radars
Igal Bilik, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Abstract: Autonomous driving is one of the megatrends in the automotive industry, and a majority of car manufacturers are already introducing various levels of autonomy into commercially available vehicles. The main task of the sensing suite in autonomous vehicles is to provide the most reliable and dense information on the vehicular surroundings. Specifically, it is necessary to acquire information on drivable areas on the road and to port all objects above the road level as obstacles to be avoided. Thus, the sensors need to detect, localize, and classify a variety of typical objects, such as vehicles, pedestrians, poles, and guardrails. Comprehensive and accurate information on vehicle surroundings cannot be achieved by any single practical sensor. Therefore, all autonomous vehicles are typically equipped with multiple sensors of multiple modalities: radars, cameras, and lidars. Lidars are expensive and cameras are sensitive to illumination and weather conditions, have to be mounted behind an optically transparent surface, and do not provide direct range and velocity measurements. Radars are robust to adverse weather conditions, are insensitive to lighting variations, provide long and accurate range measurements, and can be packaged behind optically non-transparent fascia. The uniqueness of automotive radar scenarios mandates the formulation and derivation of new signal processing approaches beyond classical military radar concepts. The reformulation of vehicular radar tasks, along with new performance requirements, provides an opportunity to develop innovative signal processing methods. This Tutorial will first describe active safety and autonomous driving features and associated sensing challenges. Next it will overview technology trends and state advantages of available sensing modalities and describe automotive radar performance requirements. It will discuss propagation phenomena experienced by typical automotive radar and radar concepts that can address them. Next this tutorial will focus on the radar equation and the radar processing chain: range and Doppler measurement estimation, beamforming, detection, range and angle-of-arrival migration, tracking and clustering. Discussing modern automotive radars, the tutorial will describe MIMO radar methods. Finally, the automotive radar applications and advanced topics, such as interference mitigation, and sensor fusion will be discussed.
Igal Bilik received B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical and computer engineering from the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel, in 1997, 2003, and 2006, respectively. During 2006–2008, he was a postdoctoral research associate in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Duke University, Durham, NC. During 2008-2011, he has been an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth. During 2011-2019, he was a Staff Researcher at GM Advanced Technical Center, Israel, leading automotive radar technology development. Between 2019-2020 he was leading Smart Sensing and Vision Group at GM R&D, where he was responsible on development state-of-art automotive radar, lidar and computer vision technologies. Since Oct. 2020, Dr. Bilik is an Assistant Professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Since 2020, he is a member of IEEE AESS Radar Systems Panel and Chair of Civilian Radar Committee. Dr. Bilik is an Acting Officer of IEEE Vehicular Technology Chapter, Israel, and Chair of Autonomous and Connected Transportation Committee, Israeli Center for Smart Mobility Research. Dr. Bilik has more than 170 patent inventions, authored more than 60 peer-reviewed academic publications, received the Best Student Paper Awards at IEEE RADAR 2005 and IEEE RADAR 2006 Conferences, Student Paper Award in the 2006 IEEE 24th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel, and the GM Product Excellence Recognition in 2017. Dr. Bilik is a Guest Associate Editor in IEEE J. of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, “Automotive Radar Processing,” 2020, co-organizing IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems Special Section on “Deep Learning for Radar Applications,” 08/2022 and Special Section on “Automotive Imaging and Super-Resolution Radar Systems”, 10/2022.
T2 – Multi-User MIMO Communications: towards Multi-Antenna Spectrum Sharing and Coexistence
Dirk Slock, EURECOM, France
Abstract: Wireless spectrum is a scarce commodity. 5G and beyond cellular systems are venturing more and more into unlicensed spectrum, leading to increased coexistence of a multitude of wireless systems. To tackle this coexistence, efficient spectrum utilization techniques, such as spectrum sharing (SS) and full-duplex (FD) transmission have been considered, allowing also simultaneous transmission and sensing, opening up avenues for new random-access schemes. On the other hand, much research has been done on multi-user (MU) MIMO communications. Nevertheless, almost all current spectrum sharing schemes in standardized wireless systems are based on taking turns in spectrum occupation, whereas multiple antennas can enable simultaneous co-existence. The objective of this tutorial is to provide an overview of the following ingredients: 1) key SS approaches (from cognitive radio to enhanced Licensed Shared Access (eLSA), WiFi-5G coexistence, Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) in WiFi7 etc.); 2) reminder of what we can do with multiple antennas (SU MIMO, MU MIMO, Interference Alignment), multi-antenna cognitive radio paradigms, including Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT) acquisition and channel reciprocity calibration issues, dynamic TDD, reciprocity-based beamforming; 3) state-of-the-art MU-MIMO transmitter/receiver designs for various utility optimization problems, rate balancing, weighted sum rate, uplink/downlink duality; perfect CSIT designs: from weighted sum rate to weighted sum MSE, minorization maximization, Signal to Leakage plus Noise, Interference Aware Water Filling, Deterministic Annealing for global optimization or local optimum identification, interference covariance shaping and constrained optimization duality, power method for reduced complexity generalized eigenvectors; imperfect CSIT designs: imperfect CSIT channel models, location based CSIT, pathwise and non-Kronecker models, CSIT acquisition, distributed designs, utility optimization with imperfect CSIT, naïve UL/DL duality. In summary, in this tutorial we review the state of the art on transmitter/receiver design in MIMO systems, including some recent developments. But we also point out a variety of open problems that persist. In particular we provide various takes on distributed solutions and complexity reduction (e.g. beam space), leading to a tradeoff between performance/overhead/complexity, allowing some suboptimality (e.g. reduced-order zero-forcing) for significant complexity reductions (e.g. non-iterative designs), overhead reduction (eg naïve UL/DL duality); various takes on CSIT acquisition, including covariance CSIT, prediction for TDD etc. Various takes on utility functions: can we do everything with weighted sum rate?
Dirk T.M. Slock is a Professor in the Communication Systems Dept. of Eurecom. He received two MSc and the PhD degree from Stanford University with a Fulbright grant. At EURECOM, he teaches statistical signal processing (SSP) and signal processing techniques for wireless communications (SP4COM). He has supervised over 40 PhD students in 30 years: 9 of them are in academia (6 professors, of which one IEEE Fellow), and about 10 of them are researchers in industry. His research led to about 10,000 total citations (h-index: 44), 1 edited book, 10 book chapters, 50 journal papers and 500 conference papers. Over the past 15 years he has participated in the French projects ERMITAGES, ANTIPODE, PLATON, SEMAFOR, APOGEE, SESAME, DIONISOS, EEMW4FIX, DUPLEX and CellFree6G (both of which he coordinated/s), MASS-START and GEOLOC, summing to 2.5M€ in funding, and in the European projects K-SPACE, Newcom, WHERE(2), CROWN, SACRA, ADEL, HIGHTS, 5G-OPERA summing up to 3M€ in funding. He has also had a number of direct research contracts with Orange (6), Philips, NXP, STEricsson, Infineon, Intel and Huawei (3), and scholarships for 10 PhD students. He received one Best Journal Paper Award from IEEE-SP and one from EURASIP in 1992. He is the co-author of two IEEE GLOBECOM’98, one IEEE SIU’04, one IEEE SPAWC’05, one WPNC’16 and one SPAWC’18 Best Student Paper Awards, and finalist in best student paper contest at IEEE SSP’05, IWAENC’06, IEEE ASILOMAR’06 and IEEE ICASSP’17. His inventions of Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC), the Chip Equalizer-Correlator Receiver and Spatial Multiplexing Cyclic Delay Diversity (MIMO-CDD) are now part of the GSM, 3G and LTE standards respectively. He also invented Semi-Blind Channel Estimation and introduced about 20 other techniques. Some of his latest research deals with MIMO cooperative communications, wireless interference management and associated channel modelling and estimation, full duplex radio, variational and empirical Bayesian techniques, large system analysis, and a variety of approaches for geolocation estimation and tracking. He was the General Chair of the IEEE-SPS SPAWC’06 and IWAENC’14 workshops, EUSIPCO’15, workshops at ISWCS’16, ISWCS’19 and a Globecom’21 symposium, and a ’16 Summer School on Spectrum Sharing, and he has given several tutorials. He is a Fellow of IEEE and EURASIP and obtained the 2018 URSI France Medal.
T4 – Distributed Joint Radar-Communications:
Kumar Vijay Mishra, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
M. R. Bhavani Shankar, University of Luxembourg
Abstract: In this tutorial, we focus on the recent developments toward distributed integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). We consider a broad definition of coexistence, which covers ISAC, collaborative communications, and sensing with interference. Toward fully realizing the coexistence of the two systems, optimization of resources for both new/futuristic sensing and wireless communications modalities is crucial. These synergistic approaches that exploit the interplay between state sensing and communications are both driving factors and opportunities for many current signal processing and information-theoretic techniques. A large body of prior works consider colocated ISAC systems and distributed systems remain relatively unexamined. Building on the existing approaches, the tutorial focuses on highlighting emerging scenarios in collaborative and distributed ISAC, particularly at mm-Wave and THz frequencies, highly dynamic vehicular/automotive environments that would benefit from information exchange between the two systems. It presents the architectures and possible methodologies for mutually beneficial distributed co-existence and co-design, including sensor fusion and heterogeneously distributed radar and communications. The tutorial also considers recent developments such as deployment of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) in ISAC, 5G systems, passive internet-of-things, and ISAC secrecy rate optimization. This tutorial aims to draw the attention of the radar, communications, and signal processing communities toward an emerging area, which can benefit from the cross-fertilization of ideas in distributed systems.
Kumar Vijay Mishra obtained a Ph.D. in electrical engineering and M.S. in mathematics from The University of Iowa in 2015, and M.S. in electrical engineering from Colorado State University in 2012, while working on NASA’s Global Precipitation Mission Ground Validation (GPM-GV) weather radars. He received his B. Tech. summa cum laude (Gold Medal, Honors) in electronics and communication engineering from the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur (NITH), India in 2003. He is currently Senior Fellow at the United States Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi; Technical Adviser to Singapore-based automotive radar startup Hertzwell and Boston-based imaging radar startup Aura Intelligent Systems; and honorary Research Fellow at SnT – Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg. He is the recipient of U. S. National Academies Harry Diamond Distinguished Fellowship (2018-2021), Royal Meteorological Society Quarterly Journal Editor’s Prize (2017), Viterbi Postdoctoral Fellowship (2015, 2016), Lady Davis Postdoctoral Fellowship (2017), DRDO LRDE Scientist of the Year Award (2006), and NITH Director’s Gold Medal (2003). He is Vice-Chair (2021-present) of the newly constituted IEEE Synthetic Aperture Standards Committee of the IEEE Signal Processing Society. Since 2020, he has been Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, where he was awarded Outstanding Associate Editor recognition in 2021. He is Vice Chair (2021-2023) and Chair-designate (2023-2026) of International Union of Radio Science (URSI) Commission C. He is a co-lead guest editor of an upcoming IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Special Issue on Recent Advances in Wideband Signal Processing for Classical and Quantum Synthetic Apertures. He is the lead co-editor of three upcoming books on radar: Signal Processing for Joint Radar-Communications (Wiley-IEEE Press), Next-Generation Cognitive Radar Systems (IET Press Radar, Electromagnetics & Signal Processing Technologies Series), and Advances in Weather Radar Volumes 1, 2 & 3 (IET Press Radar, Electromagnetics & Signal Processing Technologies Series). His research interests include radar systems, signal processing, remote sensing, and electromagnetics.
M. R. Bhavani Shankar received Masters and Ph. D in Electrical Communication Engineering from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore in 2000 and 2007 respectively. He was a Postdoc at the ACCESS Linnaeus Centre, Signal Processing Lab, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden from 2007 to September 2009. He joined SnT in October 2009 as a Research Associate and is currently a Research Scientist at SnT. He was with Beceem Communications, Bangalore from 2006 to 2007 as a Staff Design Engineer working on Physical Layer algorithms for WiMAX complaint chipsets. He was a visiting student at the Communication Theory Group, ETH Zurich, headed by Prof. Helmut Bölcskei during 2004. Prior to joining Ph. D, he worked on Audio Coding algorithms in Sasken Communications, Bangalore as a Design Engineer from 2000 to 2001. His research interests include Design and Optimization of MIMO Communication Systems, Radar and Array Processing, polynomial signal processing, Satellite communication systems, Resource Allocation, Game Theory and Fast Algorithms for Structured Matrices. He is currently on the Executive Committee of the IEEE Benelux joint chapter on communications and vehicular technology, member of the EURASIP Special Area Team (SAT) on Theoretical and Methodological Trends in Signal Processing and serves as handling editor for Elsevier Signal Processing. He was a co-recipient of the 2014 Distinguished Contributions to Satellite Communications Award, from the Satellite and Space Communications Technical Committee of the IEEE Communications Society. He has co-organized special sessions in ICASSP (2017, 18), SPAWC (2015, 16) and EUSIPCO (2015, 16).
T6 – Beyond Massive MIMO in 6G wireless systems: A signal processing perspective
Stefano Buzzi, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
Carmen D’Andrea, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
Giovanni Interdonato, University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, and CNIT, Italy
Abstract: Massive MIMO has been one of the breakthrough technologies that has contributed to the recent impressive evolution of wireless communications. Recently, researchers have started to go beyond the originally conceived massive MIMO idea, which envisioned the use of co-located large-scale antenna arrays and are proposing new solutions to further advance the technology and improve the network performance. Specifically, traditional multicell massive MIMO systems do not ensure good performance to cell-edge users who happen to be located at approximately the same distance from the serving base stations and from a certain number of interfering ones. In this situation, interference management and cooperative scheduling strategies are needed to avoid poor performance. Similarly, multicell massive MIMO deployments provide limited large-scale fading diversity and thus sensitive to blockages, especially when considering higher frequencies such as millimeter-waves. To overcome these limitations, the use of distributed antenna arrays, an idea that dates back well before the advent of massive MIMO, has reappeared as a serious evolution of multicell massive MIMO. In this tutorial, we first briefly underline the potentialities and limitations of the traditional massive MIMO technology and then give the audience an idea of the main technologies representing the evolution of the original idea. Then, we consider, from a signal processing perspective, two main 6G key-enabling technologies: Cell-free massive MIMO and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. In the first technology, a large number of access points equipped with few antennas and connected to one or several central processing units serve a smaller group of users. Distinguishing features are the use of the time division duplex protocol, and the fact that both channel estimation and beamforming computation can happen locally at each access point, with no need to centralize the signal processing. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are programmable structures that can control the propagation of electromagnetic waves by changing the electric and magnetic properties of the surface. These surfaces reflect the signal transmitted from a source and can change the amplitude and phase of the impinging wave to improve the performance of the communication. Finally, in the last part of the tutorial, we discuss two novel architectures: the extremely large aperture arrays and the large sequentially distributed arrays detailing the signal processing aspects of the transceiver structure and data detection. The extremely large aperture arrays have extremely large dimensions and are deployed as part of a large infrastructure, for example along the walls of buildings in a mega-city, in airports, large shopping malls or along the structure of a stadium. These kinds of architecture pose new signal processing challenges due to the larger antenna spacing and the relative concept of near-field and far-field regions. The large sequentially distributed arrays technology assumes that the topology of the network and all the signal processing is carried out in a sequential manner. It should be noted that these technologies are based on the same communication-theoretic fundamentals principles of multiantenna systems, have several common strengths (promise huge performance gains), common features (provide large-scale fading diversity), and pose common challenges. The aim of this tutorial is to put emphasis on the signal processing challenges associated to these technologies with regard to channel estimation, beamforming design, and decoding strategies. We underline the potentialities and the main features of these technologies, discussing the signal processing techniques at the basis of their functionalities.
Stefano Buzzi joined the University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Italy in 2000, first as an Assistant Professor, then as an Associate Professor (since 2002) and, finally, since 2018, as a Full Professor. He received the M.Sc. degree (summa cum laude) in Electronic Engineering in 1994, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 1999, both from the University of Naples “Federico II”. He has had short-term research appointments at Princeton University, Princeton (NJ), USA in 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2006. He is a former Associate Editor of the IEEE Signal Processing Letters and of the IEEE Communications Letters, has been the guest editor of four IEEE JSAC special issues, and from 2014 to 2020 he has been an Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. He also serves regularly as TPC member of several international conferences. Dr. Buzzi’s research interests are in the broad field of communications and signal processing, with emphasis on wireless communications and beyond-5G systems. He is currently the Principal Investigator of the EU-funded Innovative Training Network project METAWIRELESS, on the application of metasurfaces to wireless communications. He has co-authored about 170 technical peer-reviewed journal and conference papers; his research interests lie in the field of statistical signal processing and wireless communications, with emphasis on beyond-5G and 6G wireless systems. Affiliation: University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy and Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT), Italy. Email: buzzi@unicas.it
Carmen D’Andrea is currently a non-tenured Assistant Professor at the University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Italy, and an Adjunct Professor at the University of Molise, Italy. She was born in Italy on 16 July 1991 and received her B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees, all with honors, in Telecommunications Engineering from the University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy, in 2013, 2015, and 2019 respectively. In 2017, she was a Visiting Ph.D. student with the Wireless Communications (WiCom) Research Group in the Department of Information and Communication Technologies at Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, Spain. In the spring of 2020, she spent three months as a visiting researcher with the Communication System Division of the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Linkoping University in Sweden. Since 2020, she is Associate Editor for IEEE Communications Letters and IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society. She is currently a regular reviewer for several journals and conferences in the communications field and a TPC member of various conference tracks. She has been recently awarded by the Editorial Board of the IEEE Transactions on Communications as Exemplary Reviewer 2021. Her research interests are focused on beyond-5G topics such as cell-free massive MIMO, millimeter-wave and sub-THz wireless networks, beyond-OFDM modulations, joint sensing and communications, and RIS-aided communications. Affiliation: University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy and Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT), Italy. Email: carmen.dandrea@unicas.it
Giovanni Interdonato (Member, IEEE) is currently a non-tenured Assistant Professor at the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering of the University of Cassino and Southern Latium. He received the M.Sc. degree in computer and telecommunication systems engineering from the University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy, in 2015, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with specialization in communication systems from Linköping University, Sweden, in 2020. From October 2015 to October 2018, he was a researcher at the radio network department at Ericsson Research in Linköping, and a Marie Sklodowska-Curie research fellow of the H2020 ITN 5Gwireless project. During his Ph.D. studies, he co-invented about 30 filed patent applications (Ericsson’s IP), including the popular Ericsson Radio Stripes concept, and was a recipient of a grant from the Ericsson Research Foundation in 2019. Dr. Interdonato spent six months in 2017/2018 as a visiting Ph.D. student at the Signal Processing and Communications Group of the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. He was a visiting researcher at the Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, for six months in 2014, within the Erasmus+ programme. His main research interests include signal processing aspects of beyond-5G technologies, radio resource management and communication protocols, with specific focus on co-located/distributed massive MIMO systems at sub-6GHz and millimetre Wave bands, multi-access edge computing and RIS-aided communications. Currently, he serves as an associate editor for IEEE Communications Letters, and has been recently awarded by the Editorial Board of the IEEE Transactions on Communications as Exemplary Reviewer 2021. Affiliation: University of Cassino and Southern Latium, Italy and Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT), Italy. Email: giovanni.interdonato@unicas.it